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渣漿泵貴金屬提金方法
19 什么類(lèi)型的礦石采用氰化法?常用的氰化法提金方法有哪些?
用含氧的氰化物溶液，浸出礦石或精礦中的金銀，再?gòu)慕鲆褐谢厥战疸y的方法稱(chēng)為氰化法。影響氧化浸出的主要因素有金粒大小及形狀、礦漿黏度、雜質(zhì)離子等，因此適宜用氧化法的金銀礦石應(yīng)具有以下特點(diǎn):金粒較小，一般1~7μm,但金粒太小很難單體解離;礦石含泥較少且不易泥化;磁黃鐵礦、砷黃鐵礦、輝鉍礦、易于氧化物形成絡(luò)合物的金屬礦物、能在金表面生成薄膜的礦物含量較少。
常用的氰化法提金有:滲濾氯化法、攪拌氧化法、炭漿法提金、炭浸法提金、堆浸法。20什么叫氰化浸出法?
氰化浸出法也叫氰化法，是用含氧的氰化物溶液，浸出礦有或精礦中的金銀，再?gòu)慕鲆褐谢厥战疸y的方法。貴金屬金銀是化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定的元素，在絕大多數(shù)的溶利中不會(huì)溶解，但能辯濟(jì)于氰化物溶液中，空氣的存在也影響氖化浸出。
在氰化過(guò)程中，金在稀薄的氰化溶液中，在有氧存在時(shí)可以生
成一價(jià)的絡(luò)合物而溶解，其基本反應(yīng)分為一步反應(yīng)和兩步反應(yīng)兩種。
21什么叫滲濾氰化法? 其流程和特點(diǎn)是什么?
滲濾氰化法是氰化法提金方法中較為簡(jiǎn)單易行的一種。滲濾氰化是在滲濾浸出槽中進(jìn)行的，把待浸出的礦石裝滿浸出槽，然后加入氰化物溶液浸出。氰化溶液滲濾過(guò)礦石層使金溶解，經(jīng)過(guò)滲濾浸出的含金溶液(貴液)透過(guò)比槽底稍高的假底(濾底)，經(jīng)槽壁上的管道流出。貴液排出管位于槽底和濾底之間，礦石經(jīng)氰化溶液處理后再用清水洗滌，把殘留在礦石間隙的含金溶液洗出。貴液送入置換沉淀槽，用鋅絲或鋅粉置換析出，貧液補(bǔ)加適量氧化物可用于下一批新礦石的漫出，清水洗滌后的礦石即滲濾氰化尾礦。此法設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單、投資少、見(jiàn)效快，為國(guó)內(nèi)外的小型礦山所廣泛采用;溶劑消耗少、省電且氧化后的礦漿不必進(jìn)行濃縮或過(guò)濾。滲濾氧化法通常處理一10mm+0. 074mm的礦砂、較粗粒的培砂及其他疏松多孔的原料，忌處理含有黏土、礦泥、過(guò)分細(xì)磨的原科和礦粒大小不均勻的原料。礦石中若有黏土、礦泥等細(xì)泥狀物料，在滲龍氰化之前，首先要進(jìn)行篩分以及脫泥處理。
22 什么叫攪拌氰化法?其流程和特點(diǎn)是什么?
攪拌氧化法目前是常用的氰化浸出方法。經(jīng)磨礦分級(jí)后的礦漿進(jìn)入濃縮機(jī)脫水，濃縮后送入攪拌浸出槽，往浸出槽中添加適量的氰化液進(jìn)行浸出。浸出后的礦漿送往固液分離,將含金溶液與氰化尾礦進(jìn)行分離，固體即氰化尾礦。貴液送往置換沉淀作業(yè)，用鋅絲
或鋅粉置換析出金。然后再進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行除雜處理。氰化尾礦根據(jù)原礦性質(zhì)而定，如果含有其他多金屬或黃鐵礦則綜合回收。攪拌設(shè)備有機(jī)械攪拌式浸出槽、空氣攪式浸出槽和空氣-機(jī)械聯(lián)合攪拌式浸出槽，此方法是用于處理粒度小于0.3mm的含金礦右，機(jī)械化程度高，浸出時(shí)間短，浸出效率高。
23什么叫炭漿法(CIP 和炭漫法?其流程和特點(diǎn)以及兩者之間的區(qū)別是什么?
炭漿法提金工藝是以氰化物浸出金為基礎(chǔ)，一般是指氰化浸出完成之后，一價(jià)金氰化物 [KAu(CN)2] 再用炭吸附的工藝。炭漿法主要使用于礦泥含量高的含金氧化礦石。這種礦石使用常規(guī)氧化法難以得到良好的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)，原因在于礦泥含量高，固液分離困難，現(xiàn)有的過(guò)濾機(jī)均不能使貴液和礦渣有效的分離。炭漿法工藝過(guò)程是將含金礦石破碎、磨礦之后進(jìn)行氰化浸出，礦漿經(jīng)充分浸出后，加活性炭吸附礦漿中的金，載金炭經(jīng)過(guò)清洗和解吸，分為含金較高的貴液和解吸炭。貴液經(jīng)電解產(chǎn)出金粉，金粉經(jīng)熔煉即成為金錠。解吸炭經(jīng)再生后按比例配在新活性炭中循環(huán)使用。
炭浸法和炭漿法原理相似。炭浸法是把活性炭投入氧化浸出槽中，氰化浸出金和炭吸附金在同槽中進(jìn)行的方法。
炭漿法是先將礦中的金浸出，而后再用活性炭吸附回收已溶解的金:炭浸法是一邊浸出礦石中的金一邊用活性炭吸附礦漿中已溶金。炭漿法和炭浸法雖然浸出原理相同，浸出方法相似，但兩種工藝存在明顯的差異。炭漿法的氰化浸出和發(fā)吸附分別進(jìn)行，所以需分別配置單獨(dú)的漫出和吸附設(shè)備，而且氰化浸出的時(shí)間比炭的吸附時(shí)間長(zhǎng)得多，浸出和吸附的總時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，基建和設(shè)備投資高，占用廠房面積大。炭漢法工藝是邊漫出邊吸附,浸出作業(yè)和吸附作業(yè)合二為一，使礦漿液相中的金含量始終維持在較低的水平上，有利于加速金的氰化浸出過(guò)程，因此炭浸工藝總的作業(yè)時(shí)間較短，生產(chǎn)周期較期，基建投資和廣房面均較小。生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中帶留的金銀量較小，有利于企業(yè)資金周轉(zhuǎn)。渣漿泵
Gold extraction method of precious metal by slurry pump
What type of ore is cyanidation? What are the commonly used cyanidation methods for gold extraction?
The method of leaching gold and silver from ore or concentrate with cyanide solution containing oxygen and recovering gold and silver from leaching solution is called cyanidation. The main factors affecting the oxidation leaching are the size and shape of gold particles, viscosity of ore pulp, impurity ions, etc., so the gold and silver ores suitable for the oxidation process should have the following characteristics: small gold particles, generally 1-7 μ m, but the gold particles are too small to be separated from the monomer; the ore contains less mud and is not easy to be muddy; pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, bismuth pyroxene, metal minerals easy to form complex with oxides, which can be found in gold. The mineral content of the film formed on the surface is less.
The commonly used cyanidation methods are: percolation chlorination, agitation oxidation, carbon slurry, carbon leaching and heap leaching. What is cyanidation leaching?
Cyanide leaching, also known as cyanidation, is a method of extracting gold and silver from ore or concentrate with cyanide solution containing oxygen, and then recovering gold and silver from the leaching solution. Precious metal gold and silver are elements with stable chemical properties, which will not be dissolved in most of the solution, but can be resolved in cyanide solution, and the presence of air also affects the neonation leaching.
In the process of cyaniding, gold can be produced in a thin cyaniding solution in the presence of oxygen
The basic reactions can be divided into one-step reaction and two-step reaction.
What is percolation cyanidation? What is its process and characteristics?
Percolation cyanidation is a simple and easy method in cyanidation. Percolation cyanidation is carried out in the percolation leaching tank. The ore to be leached is filled with the leaching tank, and then the cyanide solution is added for leaching. The cyanide solution leaches through the ore layer to dissolve the gold. The gold containing solution (precious solution) leached through the percolation leaches through the false bottom (filter bottom) slightly higher than the bottom of the tank and flows out through the pipes on the tank wall. The discharge pipe of the precious liquid is located between the bottom of the tank and the bottom of the filter. After the ore is treated with cyanide solution, it is washed with clean water to wash out the gold containing solution remaining in the ore gap. The precious liquid is sent to the replacement sedimentation tank, and the zinc wire or zinc powder is used to replace the precipitated liquid. The lean liquid is supplemented with appropriate amount of oxide, which can be used to overflow the next batch of new ore. the ore washed with clear water is the percolation cyanide tailings. This method is widely used in small mines at home and abroad because of its simple equipment, low investment and quick effect. The pulp after solvent consumption, power saving and oxidation does not need to be concentrated or filtered. The percolation oxidation process usually deals with a 10 mm + 0.074 mm ore sand, coarser sand and other porous raw materials. It is forbidden to deal with raw materials containing clay, slime, excessively finely ground original families and ore particles with uneven size. If there are clay, slime and other fine slime materials in the ore, screening and desliming treatment should be carried out before cyanidation.
What is stirring cyanidation? What is its process and characteristics?
At present, agitation oxidation is a common cyanide leaching method. The ore pulp after grinding and classification enters the thickener for dehydration, and after concentration, it is sent to the agitation leaching tank, and an appropriate amount of cyanide solution is added to the leaching tank for leaching. The leached pulp is sent to the solid-liquid separation to separate the gold bearing solution from the cyanide tailing, which is the solid. The precious liquid is sent to the replacement precipitation operation, and zinc wire is used.
Or zinc powder to replace the precipitated gold. Then, further impurity removal is carried out. Cyanide tailing depends on the nature of raw ore, if it contains other polymetallic or pyrite, it will be comprehensively recovered. There are mechanical agitation leaching tank, air agitation leaching tank and air mechanical combined agitation leaching tank in the mixing equipment. This method is used to treat the gold bearing right with particle size less than 0.3mm. It has high mechanization degree, short leaching time and high leaching efficiency.
What is carbon slurry process (CIP and carbon diffusion process? Its process and characteristics and the difference between them?
The gold extraction process by carbon slurry method is based on the cyanide leaching of gold. Generally, it refers to the process that the univalent gold cyanide [Kau (CN) 2] is adsorbed by carbon after the cyanide leaching is completed. The carbon slurry method is mainly used in oxidized ore with high content of slime. It is difficult to obtain good technical and economic indexes for this kind of ore by conventional oxidation method because of the high content of slime and the difficulty of solid-liquid separation. The existing filters can not effectively separate the precious liquid and slag. The process of carbon slurry process is to crush and grind the gold bearing ore, then carry out cyanide leaching. After the pulp is fully leached, add active carbon to absorb the gold in the pulp. After cleaning and desorption, the gold bearing carbon can be divided into noble solution and desorption carbon with higher gold content. Gold powder is produced by electrolysis of the precious liquid, and the gold powder is melted into gold ingot. After regeneration, desorption carbon is recycled in proportion in the new activated carbon.
The principle of carbon leaching method is similar to that of carbon slurry method. Carbon leaching is a method that the activated carbon is put into the oxidation leaching tank, and cyanide leaching gold and carbon adsorption gold are carried out in the same tank.
The carbon pulp method is to leach the gold in the ore first, and then use the active carbon to absorb and recover the dissolved gold. The carbon pulp method is to leach the gold in the ore and use the active carbon to absorb the dissolved gold in the ore pulp at the same time. Although the principles and methods of the two processes are the same, there are obvious differences between them. Cyanidation leaching and hair adsorption of carbon slurry process are carried out respectively, so separate overflow and adsorption equipment are required. Moreover, cyanidation leaching time is much longer than carbon adsorption time, the total time of leaching and adsorption is long, capital construction and equipment investment are high, and the workshop area is large. The carbon Han process is a process of adsorption while overflowing. The leaching operation and adsorption operation are combined to keep the gold content in the pulp liquid phase at a low level, which is conducive to accelerating the cyanide leaching process of gold. Therefore, carbon leaching
