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渣漿泵鉑族金屬 有哪些物理性質(zhì)?
鉑族金屬包括鉑、鈀、銠、銥、鋨、釕6種元素，位于元素周期表中第四副族。它們具有類似的性質(zhì)，如高熔點(diǎn)、高強(qiáng)度、耐腐蝕、良好的催化活性和電熱性。鉑、鈀、銠、銥為銀白色，鋨、釕為鋼灰色。
釕、銠在有氧存在和強(qiáng)熱下，容易與氧化合為四氧化物，具有揮發(fā)性，釕的揮發(fā)速度較慢，鋨則較快。鉑(大于100時(shí))、銥和銠(大于200時(shí))能形成揮發(fā)性氧化物。
鉑族金屬密度大:輕鉑金屬密度大于12/m，重鉑金屬密度大于21g/cm3鉑族金屑的沸點(diǎn)都很高。 按元素周期表順序，從左向右逐漸降低，從上向下連漸提高。其中，鈀的沸點(diǎn)最低，鋨的沸點(diǎn)最高。
鋨，釕和銠的特點(diǎn)是硬度高并且脆，故能研磨成細(xì)粉末，它們都很難機(jī)械加工。鉑和鈀具有延展性?？梢?/span>輾制利拉絲。純凈的鉑具有高度的可塑性，將鉑冷軋可以制得厚度為0.025mm的箱。銥僅當(dāng)升溫至紅熱時(shí)才能承受機(jī)械加工。
鉑族金屬的特殊性質(zhì)是其表面具有吸附氣體(特別是氫氣)的性能，呈粉末和膠體狀態(tài)時(shí)其吸附能力大為增強(qiáng)。鈀對(duì)氫的吸附能力最強(qiáng)，常溫下1體積的鈀能吸附901體積以上的氫。鈀中吸附的氫易全部放出。按照鈀、銥、銠、鉑、釘、鋨的次序，渣漿泵它們吸附氫的性能依次降低。
What are the physical properties of platinum group metals in slurry pumps?
Platinum group metals include platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium and ruthenium, which are the fourth group in the periodic table. They have similar properties, such as high melting point, high strength, corrosion resistance, good catalytic activity and electrothermal property. Platinum, palladium, rhodium and iridium are silver white, osmium and ruthenium are steel gray.
In the presence of oxygen and strong heat, ruthenium and rhodium are easily oxidized into tetraoxides, which are volatile. Ruthenium volatilizes slowly, while osmium volatilizes faster. Platinum (greater than 100), iridium and rhodium (greater than 200) can form volatile oxides.
The density of platinum group metals is high: the density of light platinum metals is more than 12 / m, and the density of heavy platinum metals is more than 21g / cm3. According to the order of periodic table of elements, it gradually decreases from left to right, and increases from top to bottom. Among them, palladium has the lowest boiling point and osmium has the highest boiling point.
Osmium, ruthenium and rhodium are characterized by high hardness and brittleness, so they can be ground into fine powder, which are difficult to machine. Platinum and palladium are malleable. It can be rolled and drawn. Pure platinum has a high plasticity, and it can be made into a 0.025mm thick box by cold rolling platinum. Iridium can only withstand machining when heated to red heat.
The special property of PGM is that its surface has the capability of adsorbing gas (especially hydrogen). When it is in the state of powder and colloid, its adsorption capacity is greatly enhanced. Palladium has the strongest adsorption capacity for hydrogen, and 1 volume of palladium can adsorb more than 901 volume of hydrogen at room temperature. The adsorbed hydrogen in palladium is easy to release completely. According to the order of palladium, iridium, rhodium, platinum, nail and osmium, the hydrogen adsorption performance of slurry pump decreased in turn.
