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渣漿泵的主要零部件及結(jié)構(gòu)型式
1.離心泵的主要零部件
(1)葉輪。
葉輪是將來(lái)自原動(dòng)機(jī)的能量傳遞給液體的零件，流體流經(jīng)葉輪后能量增加。葉輪一般由前蓋板、后蓋板、葉片和輪轂組成。有前后蓋板的葉輪稱(chēng)閉式葉輪，如果沒(méi)有前蓋板的稱(chēng)半開(kāi)式葉輪，如果前后蓋板都沒(méi)有稱(chēng)開(kāi)式葉輪。
(2)泵體。
常由吸水室和壓水室兩大部分組成。
吸水室的作用是引導(dǎo)流體平順均勻地進(jìn)入葉輪，吸水室主要有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式:錐形管吸水室、圓環(huán)型吸水室和半螺旋型吸水室。
壓水室的作用是以最小的損失將從葉輪中流出的液體收集起來(lái)，均勻地引至泵的出口或次級(jí)葉輪，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，還將流體的一部分動(dòng)能變?yōu)閴毫δ堋?/span> 壓水室主要有螺旋形蝸室、環(huán)形壓出室、徑向?qū)~、流導(dǎo)式導(dǎo)葉和扭曲葉片式導(dǎo)葉等。
(3)泵軸
泵軸支承并帶動(dòng)葉輪施轉(zhuǎn)。泵軸一端用鍵和葉輪螺母固定葉輪。另一端裝聯(lián)軸器與電機(jī)連接。泵軸應(yīng)有足夠的強(qiáng)度和剛度，一般由碳素鋼或合金鋼制成。
(4) 密封環(huán)。
由于時(shí)輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，將能量傳遞給液體，所以在離心泵中形成高壓區(qū)和低壓區(qū)。為了減少高壓區(qū)液體向低壓區(qū)流動(dòng)，在泵體和葉輪上分別安裝了兩個(gè)密封壞，兩密封環(huán)之間有很小的間隙，以減少高壓區(qū)液體向低壓區(qū)流動(dòng)。裝在泵體上的叫泵體密封環(huán)，裝在葉輪上的叫葉輪密封環(huán)，密封環(huán)磨損后可以更換。
(5)軸封機(jī)構(gòu)。
在泵軸伸出泵體處，旋轉(zhuǎn)的軸和固定的泵體之間有軸封機(jī)構(gòu)。軸封機(jī)構(gòu)有兩個(gè)作用:一是減少有壓力的液體流出泵外，二是防止空氣進(jìn)入泵內(nèi)。泵的軸封有填料密封、機(jī)械密封、油封等。詳見(jiàn)第五章“泵的軸封選擇與應(yīng)用”。
(6)軸向力平衡機(jī)構(gòu)。
泵在運(yùn)行中由于作用在轉(zhuǎn)子上的力不對(duì)稱(chēng)產(chǎn)生了軸向力，為了泵平穩(wěn)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，需要對(duì)軸向力給予平衡。單級(jí)泵中常采用平衡孔或平衡管平衡軸向力，多級(jí)泵中一般采用平衡盤(pán)或平衡鼓平衡軸向力。詳見(jiàn)本章第十節(jié)。
離心泵除了上述主要零件外，還有中段、軸承體 、托架、支架、 聯(lián)軸器等主要零部件。渣漿泵廠家
Main parts and structure of slurry pump
1. Main parts of centrifugal pump
(1) impeller.
The impeller is the part that transfers the energy of the automatic prime mover to the liquid, and the energy increases when the fluid flows through the impeller. Impeller is generally composed of front cover plate, rear cover plate, blade and hub. The impeller with front and rear cover plates is called closed impeller. If there is no front cover plate, it is called semi open impeller. If there is no front and rear cover plate, it is not called open impeller.
(2) pump body.
It is usually composed of two parts: water suction chamber and water pressure chamber.
The function of the suction chamber is to guide the fluid smoothly and evenly into the impeller. There are three main types of the suction chamber: the cone-shaped pipe suction chamber, the ring-shaped suction chamber and the half spiral suction chamber.
The function of the pressurized water chamber is to collect the liquid flowing out of the impeller with the minimum loss and guide it to the outlet of the pump or the secondary impeller evenly. In this process, part of the kinetic energy of the fluid is also changed into the pressure energy The pressurized water chamber mainly includes spiral volute chamber, annular pressing chamber, radial guide vane, flow guide vane and twisted vane guide vane.
(3) pump shaft
The pump shaft supports and drives the impeller to rotate. One end of the pump shaft is used to fix the impeller with key and impeller nut. The other end is equipped with a coupling to connect with the motor. The pump shaft shall have sufficient strength and rigidity, generally made of carbon steel or alloy steel.
(4) sealing ring.
As the time wheel rotates, the energy is transferred to the liquid, so a high pressure area and a low pressure area are formed in the centrifugal pump. In order to reduce the flow of liquid in the high pressure area to the low pressure area, two seals are installed on the pump body and impeller respectively, and there is a small gap between the two seals, so as to reduce the flow of liquid in the high pressure area to the low pressure area. The seal ring installed on the pump body is called pump body seal ring, and the seal ring installed on the impeller is called impeller seal ring. The seal ring can be replaced after it is worn.
(5) shaft seal mechanism.
When the pump shaft extends out of the pump body, there is a shaft seal mechanism between the rotating shaft and the fixed pump body. The shaft seal mechanism has two functions: one is to reduce the pressure of liquid out of the pump, the other is to prevent air into the pump. The pump shaft seal has packing seal, mechanical seal, oil seal, etc. See Chapter 5 "selection and application of pump shaft seal" for details.
(6) axial force balancing mechanism.
In order to keep the pump running smoothly and normally, it is necessary to balance the axial force. In single-stage pump, the balance hole or balance pipe is often used to balance the axial force, and in multi-stage pump, the balance disk or balance drum is generally used to balance the axial force. See section 10 of this chapter for details.
In addition to the above main parts of centrifugal pump, there are middle section, bearing body, bracket, bracket, coupling and other main parts. Slurry pump manufacturer
